Which statement best describes an IoT gateway?

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An IoT gateway can take many forms, but its job is to bridge edge devices and networks by handling protocol translation, data processing, and secure communication. Because gateways can be deployed as a dedicated physical device, as software running on a computer or server, or on affordable hardware like a Raspberry Pi, the concept covers multiple implementations. A physical gateway appliance is common, software-based gateways exist for on-premise or cloud deployments, and a Raspberry Pi demonstrates how a gateway can be a small, versatile hardware platform that runs gateway software. That breadth is why the best description includes all of these possibilities.