Which component is used to sense environmental data in IoT?

• A. Sensors
• B. Connectivity
• C. Cloud
• D. Security

Answer: (A)

Sensors are the parts that directly measure environmental conditions. They detect things like temperature, humidity, light, motion, pressure, or air quality and convert those measurements into electrical or digital signals that a microcontroller or processor can read. This sensing step is what provides the actual data about the environment for an IoT system to analyze or trigger actions. Connectivity is what carries that data to other systems, the cloud stores and analyzes it, and security protects the devices and data; none of those directly measure the environment. For example, a weather station uses temperature and humidity sensors to gather conditions and then sends that data over Wi‑Fi to the cloud for processing.