In a typical IoT system diagram, what type of device is the outdoor camera?

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In IoT diagrams, devices are typically grouped by function: sensors gather data from the environment, actuators affect the environment, and controllers process data and manage actions. An outdoor camera primarily collects visual information—images or video—to monitor or analyze what’s outside. That makes its main role a sensor, since its primary purpose is to sense and report data rather than to cause an action. While some cameras can do onboard processing, that doesn’t change the fact that, in a typical diagram, its core function is sensing. An actuator would be something that moves or changes the environment (like a lock or a motor), and a controller is the device that processes data and makes decisions, not the camera itself. So the correct classification is sensor.